Oxford academics Craig Holmes and Professor Ken Mayhew, investigate the idea that in recent years the UK labour market has split into high-wage "lovely" jobs and low-wage "lousy" jobs, while jobs in the middle have disappeared. They find that while many middle level ‘routine’ occupations such as process operators in industrial plants have indeed disappeared, jobs on middle pay do still exist – but are now more likely to be given higher status titles such as ‘manager’.